启用PCIe Gen 3.0前测速：

li@raspberrypi:~ $ dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/tempfile bs=4MB count=1000
1000+0 records in
1000+0 records out
4000000000 bytes (4.0 GB, 3.7 GiB) copied, 9.02906 s, 443 MB/s
li@raspberrypi:~ $ dd if=/tmp/tempfile of=/dev/null bs=4MB count=1000
1000+0 records in
1000+0 records out
4000000000 bytes (4.0 GB, 3.7 GiB) copied, 8.4739 s, 472 MB/s

启用PCIe Gen 3.0后测速：

li@raspberrypi:~ $ dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/tempfile bs=4MB count=1000
1000+0 records in
1000+0 records out
4000000000 bytes (4.0 GB, 3.7 GiB) copied, 4.82376 s, 829 MB/s
li@raspberrypi:~ $ dd if=/tmp/tempfile of=/dev/null bs=4MB count=1000
1000+0 records in
1000+0 records out
4000000000 bytes (4.0 GB, 3.7 GiB) copied, 4.86248 s, 823 MB/s

可以看到，树莓派5启用PCIe Gen 3.0后，数据写入速度达到829 MB/s，读取速度达到823 MB/s，相比SD卡和PCIe Gen 2.0是有很大的提升！